Valve-operating device for compressors.



PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

W. PRELLWITZ. VALVE OPERATING DEVICE FOR OGMPRE$SORS.

5 SHEETS-SHBET 1.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.

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W. PRELLWITZ VALVE OPERATING DEVICE FOR OOMPRESSQRI:

APPLICATION FILED HA3. 8, i905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2 PATENTED SEPT. 8, IQOU.

PRELLWITZ. VALVE OPERATING DEVICE FOR OOMPRESSORS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 8, 1905.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

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APPLICATION FILED MAR. 8, 1905.

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PATENTED SEPT. 8, 71308.

W. PRELL' ITZ. mfg OPERATING DEVICE FOR oommzssoas.

APPLICATION FILED MARS, 1905.

5 SHEBTSSHEET 5" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM PRELLWITZ, OF EAS'ION, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE'lNGERSOLL- SERGEANT COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

VALVE-OPERATING. DEVICE FOR COMPBESSORS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 8, 1908.

Application filed. March 8, 1905. I Serial No. 249,135"

' T all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, VILLIAM PRELLWITZ, a citizen of the United States, and resident of and useful Valve Operating Device for Oompressors, of which the following is a specification. I

This invention has, for its object, to pro- 10,vide certain improvements in the means for operating the fluid compressor valves whereby the inlet valves are positively o ened and closed by pressure from a control ing valve chest; the discharge valves positively closed by pressure from the said chest and positively opened by direct communication from the cylinder and by auxiliary ni. ans leading from the cylinder to the fluid motors for the said discharge valves. 5

l the accom anying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side e evation of a'horizontal com pressor embodying the invention, Fig. 2 is a .top plan view of the same, Fig. 3 is a transversesection taken in the plane of the line A,A of Fig. 1, Fig. 4 is a vertical longitudinal section taken in the plane of theline BB of Fig. 3 one of the cylinder heads and the parts which it carries being removed, Fig. 5-is a detail top plan view of the fluid supply controlling valve chest, its valve and its operat ing mechanism, on an enlarged scale, Fig. 6 is a vertical longitudinal section through the same, Fig. 7 is an end view of the valve chest,

.Fig. Sis a transverse section taken in the plane of the line-O -C of Fig. 6, Fig. 9 is a detail view partly in section on an enlarged scale of aportion of the fluid supply controlling valve operating mechanism, Fig. 10 is a detail view of the valve rod operating lever, Fig. 11 is a vertical longitudinal section through the six-way fitting, Fig. 12 is an inverted section in the plane of the line DD .of FigLll, and Fig. 13 is a vertical cross section taken in the plane of the line EE of Fig. 11 looking in the direction of the arrows.

The cylinder of the compressor is denoted by 1 and its heads by 2 and 3. Each of the heads is provided with one or more inlet and one or more discharge valves. In the present instance each head is shown as being provided with two inlet valves 4 and two discharge valves 5. The inlet valves 4 open. and close communication to the-common inlet port of the compressor. through mlet chambers 7, and the discharge valves 5 open and close communication to the common discharge port 8 of the compressor through the discharge chambers 9. These inlet and discharge valves have the usual seats and are guided in their movements toward and away from the seats by the usual tubular guides.

Fluid pressure motors are used in connection with the inlet and discharge valves as follows: The stems 10 of the inlet valves 4 are each provided with a piston 11 located in a cylinder 12. The stems 13 of the discharge valves 5 are similarly provided with pistons 14 located in cylinders 15. These cylinders 12 and 15 are suitably supported on the com.- pressor heads 2 and 3 by brackets or standards 16, 17. v

. The compressor piston is denoted by 18 and its rod by 19.. A six-way fitting 20 is provided with a sub-divided horizontal portion forming passages 21, 22, in open com- '75 12 and 15 of the compressor head 2 in front of.

the motor pistons 11 and 14 of both the inlet and discharge valves. The horizontal passage 21 in the six-way fitting 20 is similarly connected through main and branch pipes 28 with the motor cylinders 12 and 15 of the compressor head 3 in front of the motor pistons 11 and 14 of both the inlet and discharge valves. The vertical passage 23 of the six-way fitting is connected through main and branchpipes 29 with the motor cylinders 12 of the inlet valves 4 in the compressor head 2 back of the pistons 11. The vertical passage 24 of the siX-way'fitting is similarly connected through main and branch pipes 30 with the motor cylinders 11 of the inlet valves in the compressor head 3 back of the inlet valve pistons.

The interior of the compressor piston chamber is connected through a main and branch'pipes 31 with the motor cylinder 15 of the discharge valves 5 in the compressor head 2 back of the pistons 14. The interior of the compressor piston chamber is similarly connected through main and branch 1105 pipes 32 with the motor cylinders of the discharge valves in the compressor head. 3'back of. the pistons. The openings of these pipes 31 and'32 into the compressor piston chamher are spaced a sufficient distance from the ends of the said chamber to permit the compressor piston 18 to alternately 0 en the saidv pipes 'to the space in front and ack of the said piston.

The means which I have shown for supplying pressure to the valve motor cylinders is constructed, arranged and operated as fol lows :A fluid supply controlling valve chest 33 is located at the side of the compressor cylinder, which chest is at all times in open communication through a pipe 34 with a source of fluid pressure supply such, for instance, as the receiver or cooler. This chest 33 is provided with two ports 35, 36, which are in open communication with the vertical passages 23, 24, of' the six-way fitting 20 through pipes 37, 38, respectively. An intermediate port 39 leads to an outlet pipe 40 which outlet pipe may be directed into the main inlet port 6 of the compressor. An or-' dinary three port slide valve 41 is located in the chest 33 in position to alternately open the pipes 37, 38, to the interior of the chest and to the outlet pipe 40. This valve 41 is represented in the accompanying drawings in its intermediate position. The slide valve 41 is provided. with a rod 42 which extends through the oppositeends of the chest 33. A double acting spring 43 is mounted on a bracket 44 projecting from one end of the chest, which spring exerts force in a direction tending to return the slide valve 41v into an intermediate position after it has been moved to the limit of itsmovement in either direction. This is accomplished by the double shoulder connection 43 The slide valve rod 42 upon the opposite side of the valve from the spring43 is mounted in a suitable bracket 45 projecting from the end of the chest 33 and the rod 42 is provided with adjustable tappets 46, 47. Between the tappets 46, 47 on the slide valve rod 42, I mount a slide 48 which is connected to the compressor piston rod 19 as follows A clamp 49 is secured on the piston rod 19 at a predetermined distance from the cylinder head 2. This clamp 49 is provided with a depending bolt 50 which has a sleeve 51 pivoted thereon, which sleeve is held on the bolt by means of a suitable nut 52. A rocking lever 53 is pivoted by means of a bolt 54 to a clamp 55 secured to one of the pipes 56 which connect the compressor cylinder with the engine. The free end of this lever 53 has a loose sliding engagement with the sleeve 51 so that as the piston rod reciprocates the le- -ver 53 1s rocked. A link rod 57 connects the slide 48 with the rocking lever 53 whereby movement is imparted to the slide 48 from the plston rod through the said rocking lever.

\ The tappets 46 and 47 are so adjusted on the slide valve rod 42 that the slide 48 will engage the tappets as it nears the'limits of its movement in both directions and slide the valve 41 the required distance. .The fluid supply controlling valve che: t 33 may be provided with the usual gage pipe 58 and oil supply pipe 59 which are, in the present instance, located in the removable cover 60 of the chest. 4 The controlling valve rod 42 may also be passed through suitable packed bear ings 61, 62, in the ends of the valve chest.

The operation of the device is as follows: The inlet valves are positively opened and closed and the discharge valves positively closed by pressure from the air chest and. the discharge valves are positively opened by direct'pressure from. the cylinder and auxil iary pressure, as follows:-Supposing. the compressor to be in the position shown in Fig. 4 and traveling toward the compressor head 2, the inlet valves 4 will be closed and the discharge valves 5 will be open. The spring. 43 in the meantime has moved the slide valve 41 in. the air chest to an interme diate position with the pipes 37, 38, both closed to the pressure within the air chest and open to the outlet pipe 40. As the compressor piston approaches the limit of its movement toward the head 2, the piston rod will rock the lever 53 in a direction to cause the connecting link 57 to move the slide 48 along the valve rod 42 into engagement with the tappet 46. The further movement of the compressor piston in this direction will cause the slide 48, because of its engagement with I motor pistons 11 and 14 at the compressor head 2. At the same time, pressure is released from the backs of the inlet valve motor pistons at the compressor head 2 through the main and branch pipes 29, the vertical passage 23 in the six-way fitting, the pipe 37 and outlet pipe 40. At the same time pressure is released from the backs of the discharge valve motor pistons 14 at the compressor head 2 through the main and branch pipes 31 to the compressor piston chamber back of the piston 18. This operation will cause the valve motors at the compressor head 2 to promptly close the discharge valves 5 and open the inlet valve 4.

As the above described operation is being performed at the compressor head: 2 the following operation is being performed at the compressor head 3. The fluid pressure from the pipe 38-also passes through the main and branchpipes 30 to the backs of the inlet valve pistons at the compressor head 3. The main thus be seen that the inlet valves at the end 3 of the compressor will also be promptly closed. As the compressor 18 starts toward the compressor head 3 the slide 48 on the valve rod 42 will move with the compressor pi e 40'an piston rod 19. This will permit the double acting spring 43 to move the valve 41 into the intermediate position shown in Fig. 6, thusopenin both pipes 37, 38, to the outlet releasing the pressure on the v'a ves. As the compressor piston 18 continues its movement toward the compressor head 3 the discharge valves at the head 3 will be promptly opened, the moment the pressure in the cylinder reaches the pressure in the discharge spaces back of the valves for the reason that the pressure required to overcome the weight of the valves is fed through the main and branch pipes 32 to the backs of the motor pistons of the discharge valves. As the compressor piston 18 nears the .compressor head 3 it will be seen thatthe pressure is released from the backs of the discharge valve motor pistons atthe head 3 the moment the compressor piston opens the mouth of the p' ile I have 'described this device-in con nection with an air compressor, it is to be understood that it may be equally well'employed in connection with compressors for other gaseous or other aeriform bodies.

What I claim is 1. In a compressor, an inlet valve, asmgle fluid pressure motor" therefor, a discharge valve, a single fluid pressure motor therefor,

means for controlling the admission of fluid pressure to the motors for positively opening and closingthe inlet valve and positively closing the discharge valve, saiddischarge valve being positively opened by direct pressure from the compressor piston chamber and auxiliary means for controlling the admission of pressure tothe said discharge valve motor for assisting in the opening of the discharge valve at a predetermined point in themovement of the compressor piston.

pressor piston chamber, and auxiliary means. 1

pe 32 to the interior of the compress or iston chamber. 35 a for admitting fluid pressure from the said compressor piston chamber to the discharge valve motor for assisting in the opening of the said valve.

3. In a double acting compressor, inlet and discharge valves at each end of the compressor cylinder, a single fluid pressure motor for each valve having its piston connected to the valve stem, a fluid supply controlling valve chest, pipes connecting the valve chest with the motor cylinders to the front and rear of the'inlet valve pistons and to the front of the discharge valve pistons, a valve in the chest for controlling the admission and exhaust of the fluid pressure through the said pipes to positively open and close the inlet valves and positively close the discharge valves, said discharge valves being positively opened by direct pressure from within the compressor piston chamber and pipes leading from the compressor piston chamber to the backs of the discharge valve pistons for assisting in the opening of the discharge valves at predetermined intervals.

4. In a double acting compressor, inlet and discharge valves at each endof the compressor cylinder, fluid pressure motors for the inlet and discharge valves, a sixway fitting, pipes leading therefrom to the motor cylinders in front and back of the inlet valve pistons and in front of the discharge valve pistons, a fluid supply controlling valve chest connected to the six-way fitting and having an inlet and outlet and a valve for controlling the admission and exhaust of the fluid pressure for positively opening and closing the inlet valves and positively closing the discharge valves at predeterminedintervals.

5. In a double acting compressor, inlet and discharge valves at eachend of the compressor cylinder, fluid pressure motors for the inlet and discharge valves, a six-way fitting,

pipes leading therefrom to .the motor cylin ders in front and back of the inlet valve pistons and in front of the discharge valve pistons, a fluid supply controlling valve chest.

connected to the six-way fitting and having an inlet and outletand a valve for controlling the admission and exhaust of the fluid pressure for positively opening and closing the inlet'valves and positively closing the discharge valves at predetermined intervals and pipes leading from the compressor cylinder to the backs of the discharge valve pistons for assisting in the opening of the discharge valves at predetermined intervals.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, I have signed my 'name in presence of two witnesses, this sixth day -of March 1905. v p

WILLIAM PRELLWITZ.

Witnesses FREDK. HAYNES, HENRY .THI'EME. 

